VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS iN POPULATIONS OF
Cryphonectria parasitica, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF CHESTNUT BLIGHT
IN GUILAN PROVINCE, IRAN*
Sh.
MEHDINEJAD MOGHADAM1
نویسنده
author
S.A.
KHODAPARAST
مسئول مکاتبه
author
M. J.
FARSI
نویسنده
author
text
article
2010
per
Chestnut blight disease caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, is one of the most important diseases affecting chestnut trees (Castanea sativa) in Guilan province. Seven sites from Shaft (Visrud, Taleghan and Babarekab), Lahijan (Shahbalutmahaleh and Gharibabad), Rezvanshahr (Doran) and Rasht were selected for investigating occurrence and frequency of vegetative compatibility groups. VCG were assessed according to the mycelial-barrage response on PDA. Among 272 evaluated isolates, four Iranian VCGs namely IR-1 to IR-4 were detected. Diversity of vc groups at individual localities was varied between one and two groups. IR-1 was the dominant VCG occurred at five populations, comprised 63.2% of all isolates and IR-4, with the lowest frequency (3%), occurred only in a single locality. IR-1 was the dominant group in Taleghan and Babarekab with 50/7% and 31/3% respectively. IR-3 was included 88% and 12% of all isolates in Shahbalutmahaleh and Doran respectively. The Shanon diversity index varied from zero to 0.58, with a mean of 0.20 for all regions.
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
1
10
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_16513_1f2123107c04d021672887a3865b8a07.pdf
REACTION OF Cucumis melo CULTIVARS TO RACES OF Fusarium
oxysporum F.SP. melonis THE CAUSE OF MELON VASCULAR WILT
Z.
BANIHASHEMI
مسئول مکاتبه و نویسنده
author
text
article
2010
per
Reaction of 180 cultivars of Cucumis melo including cantaloupe, long-melon, snake melon, and dudaim collected from various parts of Iran and other countries were evaluated against races 0, 1, 2 and 1, 2 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis using different inoculum potential under greenhouse conditions. Many of the Iranian cultivars were resistant to races 0 and 2 which have not been reported yet from Iran. Few cultivars were found to be resistant to race 1 prevalent in Khorasan and Semnan provinces. None of the Iranian cultivars were resistant to race 1, 2 prevalent in Fars and Isfahan provinces. Some cultivars from Japan and China like Golden Crispy and Ogon no 9 found to have low degree of tolerance to race 1,2. The inoculum potential of the races was important in cultivars reaction to races. Some cultivars were resistant or tolerant at low inoculum while becomes susceptible at higher levels.
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
11
22
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_16514_1373f0edd6eee83592a9435727501160.pdf
EFFECT OF Zataria multiflora AND Satureja hortensis ESSENTIAL OILS,
THYMOL AND CARVACROL ON GROWTH OF Fusarium gramineum
ISOLATES AND DEOXYNIVALENOL PRODUCTION*
A.
LAHOOJI
نویسنده
author
M.
MIRABOLFATHY
مسئول مکاتبه
author
R.
KARAMI-OSBOO
نویسنده
author
text
article
2010
per
The effects of Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis essential oils, and thymol and carvacrol which are two main components of these essential oils were assayed on growth of 10 Fusarium graminearum isolates and reduction of deoxynivalenol production in PDA and PDB media. The results of this study showed that the essential oils and their main components had inhibitory activities against the isolates of this fungus and decreased deoxynivalenol production of Fusarium graminearum isolates. The minimum concentration of Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis and thymol and carvacrol for complete growth of Fusarium graminearum isolates in PDA media were 16, 31.5, 70 .and 15 μl/100ml respectively. The minimum concentration of Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis and thymol and carvacrol for complete growth inhibition of Fusarium graminearum isolates in PDB media were 16, 30, 70 and 20 μl/100ml, respectively. The lowest and highest dry weight of mycelia were obtained from No. 6 and No. 50 isolates respectively. Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis essential oils, and thymol and carvacrol decreased deoxynivalenol production of Fusarium graminearum isolated 84, 89.1, 95 and 86.6 % compared with the control treatment without any essential oil and effective compounds. Also in each milligram of dried mycelia in control, thymol, carvacrol, Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis essential oil's treatments 353.9, 17.9, 27.5, 92.6 and 94.2 ng g -1 deoxynivalenol was respectively detected. These results showed the direct effect of essential oils and their effective compounds on deoxynivalenol structure. Further more these compounds reduced deoxynivalenol production indirectly regards to their inhibition effects on the growth of Fusarium graminearum isolates.
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
37
50
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_16515_f5e7077b9957f45c75dbecbf013e05cb.pdf
SOME FREE-LIVING NEMATODES FROM EAST AZARBAIJAN
AND GOLESTAN PROVINCES
SH.
MOSLEHI
نویسنده
author
GH.
NIKNAM
مسئول مکاتبه
author
M.
PEDRAM
نویسنده
author
E.
ZAHEDI
نویسنده
author
text
article
2010
per
From the soil samples that were collected and studied for identification of plant parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes in East Azarbaijan and Golestan provinces during 2005-2007, some free-living and predatory nematodes were also extracted and identified. Achromadora walkeri Al-Banna & Gardner,1993 was recovered from Kaleibar soil samples, Tripyla affinis de Man, 1880 from citrus garden in Gorgan, Tripylina longa Brzeski & Winiszewska-Slipinska, 1993 from rhizosphere of willow in Maragheh and Eutobrilus sp. from rhizosphere of grass plants of Kaleibar. A. walkeri is distinguished with having fine transverse striae, rows of fine dots, multispiral amphidial fovea at the level of stoma, two rows of cephalic setae, short rectum and absence of pre-rectum. T. affinis is characterized with inconspicuous amphids, short inner labial papillae, slender stoma with a large dorsal tooth and two small sub-ventral denticles anterior to the dorsal tooth. T. longa have a large dorsal tooth and two sub-ventral denticles in stomatal chamber, two ventromedian setae in oesophagus region and single gonad in female. Eutobrilus sp. is characterized with having funnel shaped amphid, stoma with two overlapping adjacent pockets with two small denticle and echinate supplements in male. The four species are new records for Iran`s nematode fauna.
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
71
80
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_16524_cd55184329d4307b2fbb8dc3a05763ba.pdf
FIRST REPORT OF DETECTION OF Spongospora subterranea f.sp.
subterranea (SSS) ON POTATO MINITUBERS IN GREENHOUSE IN
IRAN and ITS ERADICATION
M. S. J.
NOROUZIAN
نویسنده
author
M.
BANIHASHEMI
نویسنده
author
A.
AHANGARAN
نویسنده
author
KH.
NIKSHAD
نویسنده
author
text
article
2010
per
In winter of 2010 in a survey of foreign quarantine plant pathogens in Iran, some symptoms were observed on potato plants in a minituber production greenhouse in Ardabil province. Affected plant exhibited sphaerical to elongated or irregular lesions, with light to dark brown and black color on minitubers, and galls on roots that initially were bright and frequently varied to dark color. Plants with severe root galling were wilted and died. Samples were collected and transmitted to Plant Protection Organization Lab. in Teharn. All samples were extracted and tested by using Sss monoclonal antibody (Bioreba Co.) in DAS-ELISA method. ELISA tests were positive in symptomatic and positive control but not in healthy potato plant and negative control. Based on the results, the pathogen was identified as Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea J.A. Toml. It is the first report of potato powdery scab disease in Iran. This pathogen in addition to damages caused on potato plants as an important foreign quarantine fungus, can serve as a vector of Potato mop-top virus. Based on the quarantine requirements, all potato plants in greenhouse were eradicated
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
88
89
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_16525_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
FIRST REPORT OF Carnation Vein Mottle Virus(CVMV)) INFECTING
CARNATION IN IRAN*
H.
BAYAT
نویسنده
author
T.
GHOTBI
نویسنده
author
text
article
2010
per
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) can be infected by several viruses that some are specific to carnation flowers. Vegetative propagation of carnation, can easily disperse viruses by infectied cuttings. During the year 2007, viral-like symptoms were observed on carnation in Mahallat greenhouses. 142 suspected samples from glass houses, with symptoms of reddish- purple flecks and spots on leaves, necrosis of old leaves, mild mottling, etched and ring patterns of top leaves were collected. Collected samples were tested antisera against three main viruses: carnation vein mottle virus (CVMV), carnation etched ring virus (CERV) and Carnation ring spot virus (CRSV) applying double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) method. The antisera obtained from Plant Research International of Netherlands. The DASELISA results were considered positive when a absorption was at least three times higher than healthy (negative controls) in triplicate. Samples reacted with CVMV and 36 samples with CERV, any Samples reacted. Of 142 samples tested, 9(6.3%) were infected whit CVMV, 36 (25.3%) samples positive against CERV and 4 samples reacted with both antisera (CERV and CVMV). On the basis of serological results, CVMV was found infecting carnation plants in Mahallat. This is the first report of CVMV infecting carnation in Iran.
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
93
94
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_16528_30c6d0fd7e63ed61bed2be6cdf481148.pdf
Effect of two isolates of Glomus mosseae from saline and non-saline soil and NaCl level on the growth, biochemical indices and mineral composition of three pistachio rootstocks. 1. Growth and biochemical characteristics
A.H
Mohammadi
author
Z.
Banihashemi
author
text
article
2010
per
Soil salinity is one of the present major problems in the most pistachio growing areas of Iran which influences water and nutrient uptake and results in considerable growth suppression. Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (VAM) have been recognized to reduce the detrimental effects of salinity on plants under saline soil conditions. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of two isolates of Glomus mosseae (Gm) recovered from saline and non-saline soil and four NaCl levels (0, 1400, 2800 and 4200 mg/kg of soil) on growth and biochemical characteristics of three pistachio rootstocks (Sarakhs and Qazvini and P. atlantica). In NaCl-treated soil without mycorrhizal fungus, Altanltica and Qazvini had higher shoot and root dry weight, leaf area, stems diameter and height, chlorophyll, proline and total sugar concentrations compared to Sarakhs. Based on the above criteria, Atlantica and Qazvini were found to be tolerant and Sarakhs was sensitive to salinity. The above mentioned criteria were higher in colonized plants by Gm from saline soil (GmS) than non-mycorrhizal plants. Non-saline soil of Gm (GmNS) did not significantly affect these characters. The number of plants survived in mycorrhizal plants at different NaCl levels was greater in non-mycorrhizal plants. In Sarakhs, maximum effect of GmS on growth and biochemical characteristics were at low salinity and at medium levels of salinity in the others two rootstocks. In all rootstocks, the effect of GmS at high NaCl level on the above criteria was reduced and was even less than no NaCl treatment. Also, increasing NaCl level generally caused a reduction of root length colonization of three roortstocks which was only significant in Sarakhs compared to zero NaCl level. Sarakhs showed the highest effects of GmS on the growth and biochemical characteristics. The overall results showed that growth and biochemical characteristics improvement in plants colonized by Gm may be considered as a mechanism of reducing detrimnetal effect of salinity and also to enhance pistachio seedlings tolerance to saline soil conditions.
Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology
انجمن بیماری شناسی گیاهی ایران
0006-2774
46
v.
1
no.
2010
51
70
https://ijpp.areeo.ac.ir/article_247012_40b2dd7c546d188a56fd9a3284a18c4a.pdf