بررسی مقاومت به پوسیدگی فوزاریومی ریشه گلرنگ با استفاده از آزمون بیماریزایی و نشانگر مولکولی AFLP

نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد بیماری شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان.

2 استاد بیماری شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان.

چکیده

گلرنگ   (Carthamus tinctorius L.) گیاهی یکساله و دانه روغنی است که در شرایط آب و هوایی گرم وخشک کشور به خوبی سازگار می باشد و تولید آن بخاطر روغن اخیرا گسترش یافته است. پوسیدگی فوزاریومی ریشه یکی از بیماری­های مهم گلرنگ در ایران می­باشد. استفاده از ارقام مقاوم یکی از راهکارهای اصلی برای کاهش خسارت وارده به شمار می­رود. در تحقیق حاضر تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام گلرنگ و مقاومت نسبی به پوسیدگی فوزاریومی ریشه با استفاده از نشانگرهای AFLP بررسی گردید. شصت ژنوتیپ انتخابی در سه تکرار با استفاده از طرح بلوک کاملا تصادفی تحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه­ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. چهل و نه ژنوتیپ از ایران و 11 ژنوتیپ از سایر کشورها با استفاده از جدایه بیماریزای Fusarium solani (جدا شده از گلرنگ) تلقیح شده و بر اساس نوع واکنش به بیماری در پنج گروه مقاوم، نیمه مقاوم، حساس، نیمه حساس و متحمل گروه بندی شدند. با توجه به نتایج بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی حاصل از نشانگرهای AFLP، ژنوتیپ­ها بر اساس مقاومت به بیماری متمایز و گروه بندی شدند. بوت استرپ برای مقایسه اختلاف میانگین درون و بین ژنوتیپ­ها و میزان مقاومت به بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی استفاده گردید. خوشه بندی حاصل از نتایج AFLP و خصوصیت مقاومت ژنوتیپ­ها تطابق کامل نداشتند اما ژنوتیپ­های مقاوم و حساس به طور کامل از یکدیگر جدا شده و با اختلاف معنی دار از سایر ژنوتیپ­ها خوشه بندی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Searching for resistance to Fusarium root rot in safflower genotypes using pathogenicity test and AFLP molecular markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • P. Rahimi 1
  • B. Sharifnabi 2
1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is an annual oilseed crop adapted chiefly to the warm climate areas of Iran, which recently commercial production became concentrated to produce oil. Fusarium root rot is one of the important diseases of safflower in Iran. Whereas the use of resistant cultivars is one of the main strategies for reducing the loss and damage caused by pathogens in plants, this research was conducted to study the genetic diversity of safflower genotypes using AFLP markers and to compare relative resistance to Fusarium root rot. Sixty selected cultivars and lines derived from various regions were evaluated in randomized complete block design in three replications under in vitro and green house condition. Forty nine genotypes of safflower from Iran and 11 from other countries were inoculated with a selected identified pathogenic isolate of Fusarium solani derived from safflower. Genotypes were classified into five groups based upon the type of reaction to the disease; i.e. resistant, semi-resistant, tolerant, susceptible and semi-susceptible. Genetic diversity of the genotypes was assessed using AFLP markers. The results indicated differences among genotypes for resistance to Fusarium and clustering based on this trait. A bootstrap procedure was used to compare mean distances within and between genotypes and resistance to Fusarium root rot. Clustering based on AFLP markers and phenotypic resistance traits did not indicate complete concordance, but resistance and susceptible genotypes were separated from one another and have significant differences with other genotypes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Safflower
  • Root rot
  • resistance
  • AFLP
  • pathogenicity

مراجع

  1. Aoki T., O’Donnell K., Homma Y. and Lattanzi A. R. 2003. Sudden-death syndrome of soybean is caused by two morphologically and phylogenetically distinct species within the Fusarium solani species complex-F. virguliforme in North America and F. tucumaniae in South America. Mycologia 95:660–684.
  2. Ashri A. and Knowles P. F. 1960. Cytogenetics of safflower (Carthamus L.) species and their hybrids. Agronomy Journal 52:11-17.
  3. Dajue L. and Mündel H. H. 1996. Safflower (Carthamus L.). Roma, Italy, International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. 83 pp.
  4. Dezhsetan S., Mohammadi S.A., Moghaddam M., Aharizah S. and Vossen J. H. 2010. Isolation of resistance gene analogues (RGAs) in potato using motif directed profiling method and development of their genetic map. Seeds and Plants Improvement Journal 1:105-121.
  5. Frarias G. M. and Griffin G. J. 1989. Roles of Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani in Essex disease of soybean in Virginia. Plant Disease 73:38-42.
  1. Garcia A. A. F., Benchimol L. L., Barbosa A. M. M., Geraldi I. O., Souza C. L. and Souza A. P. 2004. Comparison of RAPD, RFLP, AFLP and SSR markers for diversity studies in tropical maize inbred lines. Genetics and Molecular Biology 27:579-588.
  2. Huai W. x., Tian G., Hansen E. M., Zhao W. x., Goheen E. M., Grunwald N. J. and Cheng C. 2013. Review Article, Identification of Phytophthora species baited and isolated from forest soil and streams in northwestern Yunnan province, China. Forest Pathology 43:87-103.
  3. Johnson R. C, Kisha T. J and Evans M. A. 2007. Characterizing safflower germplasm with AFLP molecular markers. Crop Science47:1728-1736.
  4. Khan M. A., Witzke-Ehbrecht S.V., Maass B. L. and Becker H. C. 2009. Relationships among different geographical groups, agro-morphology, fatty acid composition and RAPD marker diversity in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius ). Genetic Resource and Crop Evolution 56:19-30.
  5. Liu F., Sun G.L., Salomon B., Bothmer von R. 2001. Distribution of allozymic alleles and genetic diversity in the American barley core collection. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 102:606-615.
  6. Lombard L., Merwe N. A., Groenewald J. Z. and Crous P. W. 2014. Generic concepts in Nectriaceae. Studies in Mycology 80:189–245.
  1. Heaton T. C. and Klisiewicz J. M. 1981. A disease-resistant safflower alloploid from Carthamus tinctorius L. × C. lanstus L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 6l: 219-224.
  1. Kumar S., Ambreen H., Murali T. V., Bali S., Agarwal M., Kumar A., Goel S. and Jagannath A. 2015. Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in a global reference collection of 531 accessions of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) using AFLP markers. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 33:1299-1313.
  1. Mahasi M. J., Wachira F. N., Pathak R. S. and Riungu T. C. 2009. Genetic polymorphism in exotic safflower (Carthamus tinctorious L.) using RAPD markers. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science 1:8-12.
  2. Matuo T. and Snyder W. C. 1973. Use of morphology and mating populations in the identification of formae speciales in Fusarium solani. Phytopathology 63:562-565.
  3. Morid B., Hajmansoor S. H. and Kakvan N. 2012. Screening of resistance genes to fusarium root rot and fusarium wilt diseases in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars using RAPD and CAPs markers. European Journal of Experimental Biology 2:931-939.
  4.  Nelson P. E., Cecelia D. and Anaissie E. J. 1994. Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 7: 479-504.
  5. Nelson P. E., Toussoun T. A. and Morasas W. F. O. 1983. Fusarium Species: An illustrated manual for identification. Pennsylvania State University Press, Pennsylvania. 206  pp.
  6. O’Donnell K. 2000. Molecular phylogeny of the Nectria haematococca-Fusarium solani species complex. Mycologia 92:919–938.
  7. O’Donnell K., Sutton D. A., Fothergill A., McCarthy D., Rinaldi M. G., Brandt M. E., Zhang N. and Geiser D. M. 2008. Molecular phylogenetic diversity; multilocus haplotype nomenclature, and in vitro antifungal resistance within the Fusarium solani species complex. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 46:2477–2490.
  8. Panahi B. and Ghorbanzadeh Neghab M. 2013. Genetic characterization of Iranian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 19:239–243.
  9. Panahi B., Afzal R., Ghorbanzadeh Neghab M., Mahmoodnia M., Paymard B. 2013. Relationship among AFLP, RAPD marker diversity and agromorphological traits in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Progress in Biological Sciences 3:90-99.
  10.  Pavithra K. P., Patil R. S., Harijan Y. and Basavarajappa M. P. 2015. Alternaria disease screening in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Trends in Biosciences 8:4827-4831.
  11. Polak J. and Bartos P. 2002. Natural sources of plant disease resistance and their importance in the breeding. Czech Journal of Genetic Plant Breeding 38: 146–149.
  12. Sehgal D. and& Raina S. N. 2005. Genotyping safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) cultivars by DNA fingerprinting. Euphytica 146:67–76.
  13.  Singh V., Ranaware A. M. and Nimbkar N. 2008. Breeding for Fusarium wilt resistance in safflower. 7th international safflower conference, 2008. Wagga, NSW, Australia.
  14. Skrotch P., Tivang J. and Nienhuis J. 1992. Analysis of genetic relationship using RAPD marker data. In: Application of RAPD Technology to Plant Breeding. Joint Plant Breeding Symposia Series,pp26-30.
  15. Sneath P. H. A. and Sokal R. R. 1973. Numerical taxonomy. San Francisco, USA, W.H. Freeman & Co. 573 pp.
  16. Snyder W. C. and Hansen H. N. 1941. The species concept in Fusarium with reference to section Martiella. American Journal of Botany 28:738–742.
  17. Tarkesh Esfahani S., Shiran B. and Balali G. 2009. AFLP markers for the assessment of genetic diversity in European and North American potato varieties cultivated in Iran. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 9: 75-86.
  18. Vale F., Parlevliet J. E. and Zambolim L. 2001. Concepts in plant disease resistance. Fitopatologia Brasileira 26: 577-586.
  19. Vos P., Hogers R., Bleeker M., Reijans M., Lee T., Hornes M., Frijters A., Pot J., Peleman J. and Kuiper M. 1995. AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Research 23:4407–14.
  20. Yang Z. 1994. Breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight of wheat in the mid to lower Yangtze River Valley of China. Wheat Special Report No. 27. CIMMYT, Mexico. D. F., p 16.
  21. Yazdi-Samadi B., Maali Amiri R., Ghannadha M. R. and Abd-Mishani C. 2001. Detection of DNA polymorphism in landrace populations of Safflower in Iran using RAPD-PCR technique. In:Bergman J, Mundel HH. (ed). Proceeding of the fifth International Safflower Conference, 2001. Williston, ND, Sidney MT. North Dakota State University, Fargo.
  22. Zhang N., O’Donnell K., Sutton D. A., Nalim F. A., Summerbell R. C., Padhye A. A. and Geiser D. M. 2006. Members of the Fusarium solani species complex that cause infections in both humans and plants are common in the environment.  Journal of Clinical Microbiology 44:2186–2190.
 
 
بیماریهای گیاهی

دوره 53، شماره 2
تابستان 1396
صفحه 197-210

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 آذر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 مرداد 1396

اشتراک گذاری

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار