بررسی برهمکنش نماتد ریشه‌گرهی Meloidogyne javanica و قارچ Verticillium dahliae در گوجه‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد (zeinab_mahboubi@ymail.com

2 دانشیار بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد (olia100@yahoo.com).

3 استاد بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان (sharifna@cc.iut.ac.ir).

چکیده

برهمکنش Meloidogyne javanicaو قارچ Verticillium dahliae روی گوجه­فرنگیدر شرایط گلخانه بررسی شد. نماتد و قارچ در حالات مختلف زمانی به صورت نماتد دو هفته قبل از قارچ، نماتد همزمان با قارچ، قارچ دو هفته قبل از نماتد، نماتد تنها و قارچ تنها مایه­زنی شدند و برهمکنش آنها ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که حضور توام این عوامل بیمارگر در خاک موجب بیشترین کاهش شاخص­های رشدی شده و این کاهش در تیمار نماتد دو هفته قبل از اضافه کردن قارچ و نماتد همزمان با قارچ مشهودتر بود. بالاترین شاخص شدت بیماری 90 روز پس از مایه­زنی قارچ در تیمار نماتد دو هفته قبل از قارچ مشاهده گردید، که اختلاف معنی­داری با تیمار قارچ به تنهایی داشت و در کلیه تیمارهایی که قارچ را دریافت کرده بودند شاخص شدت بیماری بیش از دو بود. حضور نماتد باعث افزایش شدت بیماری پژمردگی ورتیسلیومی گوجه­فرنگی شد در حالی که حضور قارچ شاخص­های بیماری­زایی و رشدی نماتد را کاهش داد. کمترین میزان شاخص قهوه­ای شدن بافت آوندی و درصد کلونیزاسیون ساقه در تیمار قارچ به تنهایی مشاهده شد. به عبارتی نماتد موجب افزایش این شاخص و درصد کلونیزاسیون ساقه شد. بالاترین درصد کاهش طول گیاه در تیمارهایی که هر دو عامل بیمارگر حضور داشتند، مشاهده گردید. برهمکنش عوامل مذکور با کاهش شاخص­های رشدی گیاه و افزایش بیماری پژمردگی گوجه­فرنگی خسارت وارده به گیاه را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on the interaction between Meloidogyne javanica and Verticillium dahliae on tomato

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Mahboubi 1
  • M. Olia 2
  • B. Sharifnabi 3
چکیده [English]

Interaction between nematode Meloidogyne javanica and fungus Verticillium dahliae on tomato in greenhouses were investigated.Nematode and the fungus inoculated in different time intervals, nematode two weeks before the fungus, nematode and the fungus at the same time, fungus two weeks before the nematode, nematode alone and the fungus alone and the interaction of the pathogen agents were tested.The results showed that the presence of the both of the pathogens in the soil can lead to the greatest reduction in growth factors and the reduction in nematode two weeks before the fungus and nematode+ fungus (simultaneous) treatments was more significant.The highest disease severity index was observed after 90 days in the nematode two weeks before the fungus treatment, that was significantly different with fungus alone treatment and in all fungus received treatments disease severity index was more than two.Presence of the nematode M. javanica increased severity and rate of wilting caused by V. dahliae on tomato while the presence of fungus, reduced nematode pathogenicity and population indices.The least amount of vascular tissue browning index and stem colonization percent was observed in treatment with fungus alone inoculated and in other words, nematode increases vascular tissue browning index and stem colonization percent.The highest plant height reduction observed in the treatments where both of the pathogens were present.The interaction between pathogen agents with reduction in growth factors indices and increase in tomato wilt disease increases the damage to the plant

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • wilt
  • pathogenesis
  • Colonization
  • disease severity index
  • browning index

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بیماریهای گیاهی
دوره 53، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 371-383

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