ارتباط بین جمعیت اولیه نماتد ریشه گرهی (Meloidogyne javanica) و میزان خسارت به گیاه بامیه (Abelmoschus esculentus

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر جمعیت­های اولیه­ی نماتد Meloidogyne javanica روی رشد و عملکرد رقم سلطانی گیاه بامیه (Abelmoschus esculentus) در سال 1392 آزمایش مزرعه­ای درون کرت­هایی به ابعاد 3 × 2 متر انجام شد. این پژوهش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با پنج تکرار و چهارده سطح جمعیت که از سری‌های هندسی تبعیت می‌کردند (0 تا 512 تخم یا لارو سن دوم در هر سانتی‌متر مکعب خاک) انجام شد. در سطوح بالای جمعیت نماتد (256 <)، کلیه­ی گیاهان مورد آزمایش از بین رفتند. داده‌های وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و میزان محصول به خوبی در معادله خسارت سین‌هورست جایگذاری شدند و حد تحمل برای این صفات به ترتیب 34/0، 33/0 و 28/0 تخم یا لارو سن دوم در هر سانتی‌متر مکعب خاک برآورد شد. حداکثر نرخ تکثیر نماتد در شرایط مزرعه 749 و تراکم تعادل آن 159 عدد تخم و لارو سن دوم در هر سانتی‌متر مکعب خاک تخمین زده شد. فاکتور تولیدمثل با جمعیت اولیه نماتد ارتباط منفی داشت و بیشترین فاکتور تولیدمثل در کمترین جمعیت اولیه نماتد مشاهده شد. آستانه خسارت گیاه بامیه (کاهش 10% محصول) بر اساس برآورد مدل رگرسیونی سین‌هورست، تراکم 85/0 عدد تخم یا لارو نماتد در هر سانتی‌متر مکعب خاک بود که نشان دهنده­ی حساسیت گیاه بامیه به نماتد M. javanica است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship of initial population densities of Meloidogyne javanica and damage level on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Ahmadi 1
  • M.R. Moosavi 2
چکیده [English]

A field experiment was conducted in the 2 × 3 m plots to determine the effect of different initial population densities of Meloidogyne javanica on growth parameters and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus; cv. Soltani) in 2013. This research was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications using a geometric series of 14 nematode population densities (0 to 512 eggs or second stage juveniles (J2) / cm3 soil). The plants died at high levels of nematode population (> 256). The relative shoot fresh and dry weight and relative yield fitted the Seinhorst damage model and the tolerance limit for those traits was 0.34, 0.33 and 0.28 eggs or J2 / cm3 soil, respectively. The maximum multiplication rate was 749 and the equilibrium density was 159 eggs or J2 / cm3 soil. Nematode reproduction factor was negatively correlated with the initial populations as the highest multiplication was occurred at the lowest initial population densities. Damage threshold (10% yield loss) of okra to M. javanica was estimated as 0.85 eggs or J2 / cm3 soil which represented the susceptibility of okra plant to M. javanica.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Damage functions
  • Forecasting
  • population dynamics
 
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