ردیابی بیماری پیرس مو در برخی تاکستان‌های ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی

چکیده

بیماری پیرس مو (Vitis vinifera L) اخیراً از ایران گزارش‌شده است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف ردیابی این بیماری در مناطق عمده کشت مو در ایران انجام گرفت. برای این منظور طی سال‌های 1392 تا 1397 با بازدید از مناطق عمده کشت مو در ایران شامل استان‌های فارس، خراسان رضوی، خراسان شمالی، خراسان جنوبی، سمنان، البرز، تهران، قزوین، زنجان، آذربایجان غربی، آذربایجان شرقی، کردستان، کرمانشاه، لرستان، کهگیلویه و بویراحمد، مرکزی، همدان و چهارمحال و بختیاری از برگ و ساقه تاک با علائم مشکوک به بیماری پیرس نمونه‌برداری شد. آلودگی نمونه‌ها به باکتری Xylella fastidiosa به سه روش کشت روی محیط‌های کشت، DAS-ELISA و PCR بررسی شد. بیماری‌زایی برخی جدایه‌ها روی مو (رقم بیدانه قزوین) انجام شد. علائم اولیه بیماری خشک شدن بخشی از حاشیه برگ و زردی و قرمز شدن بافت مجاوراست. در تاک‌های آلوده پهنک‌برگ ریزش می‌کند اما دم برگ، شبیه چوب کبریت، همچنان متصل به ساقه باقی می‌ماند. از 365 نمونه، با الیزا 212 نمونه مثبت بودند، از 96 نمونه با جذب نوری بالا در الیزا 43 نمونه با PCR مثبت بودند و از 365 نمونه کشت‌شده 26 نمونه باکتری X. fastidiosa روی محیط کشت جدا شد. نمونه‌هایی که باکتری روی محیط کشت جدا شد در هر سه آزمون مثبت بودند. اگرچه نتایج DAS-ELISA حاکی از آلودگی تمام استان‌های مورد بازدید به X. fastidiosa بود، اما بر اساس جداسازی باکتری و نتایج PCR وجود آلودگی در برخی از تاکستان‌های استان‌های فارس، خراسان رضوی، البرز، قزوین، زنجان، لرستان، همدان و چهارمحال و بختیاری به X. fastidiosa قابل‌تأیید می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Detection of Pierces Disease in some Vineyards of Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Naser Amanifar
Researcher
چکیده [English]

Pierces disease (PD) has been recently reported of Iran. To determine the distribution pattern of this disease, during 2013-2018 years, 365 samples of leaf and stem of grapes of 88 vineyards were collected with PD symptoms. Samples obtained of Iranian grape growing provinces of Fars, Khorasan Razavi, North Khorasan, South Khorasan, Semnan, Alborz, Tehran, Qazvin, Zanjan, West Azarbaijan, East Azarbaijan, Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh va BoyerAhmad, Markazi, Hamedan and Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiary. Samples were tested for the presence of Xylella fastidiosa by culturing, DAS-ELISA and PCR assay with X. fastidiosa-specific primers. Pathogenicity tests, for some isolates, were conducted on grapevine (cv. Bidaneh Qazvin) under greenhouse conditions. Early symptoms is leaf scorched, while adjacent tissues turned yellow or red. Some grapes showed matchstick symptoms in which the leaves dropped from the plant, while petioles remained attached. Approximately 56%, 44.8% and 7.1% of the samples, by DAS-ELISA, PCR and culturing, were infected to X. fastidiosa, respectively. Although based on DAS-ELISA all of the sampled provinces showed infected to X. fastidiosa, there were by the results of culturing and PCR infected to X. fastidiosa is definitive for some vineyards provinces of Fars, Khorasan Razavi, Alborz, Qazvin, Zanjan, Lorestan, Hamedan and Chahar Mahal-va-Bakhtiary. This mapping obtained the dispersion of PD in vineyards of Iran, and can be used as a distribution guide map of X. fastidiosa for plant protection organization of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • Pierce's Disease
  • Vineyard
  • Vitis vinifera L
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