اثر آلودگی جدایه Fny ویروس موزاییک خیار بر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی سه توده بومی ریحان سبز(Ocimum basilicum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

ریحان سبز با نام علمی (Ocimum basilicum L.) از گیاهان دارویی است که در صنایع غذایی، آرایشی بهداشتی و عطر سازی کاربرد فراوانی دارد. ویروس موزاییک خیار از شایع‌ترین بیمارگرهای گیاهی است که گسترش جهانی دارد. در پژوهش حاضر اثر آلودگی جدایه Fny ویروس موزاییک خیار بر ویژگی‌های فیتوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی سه کولتیوار ریحان سبز در شرایط اتاقک رشد با دمای 21±2 درجه سلسیوس و 16 ساعت نور و 8 ساعت تاریکی بررسی شد. گیاهان در مرحله دو برگی به روش مکانیکی با ویروس مایه-زنی شدند. مقایسه میانگین صفات مورد بررسی نشان داد که ویروس باعث کاهش معنی‌دار میزان فتوسنتز، کلروفیل a، b و کلروفیل کل و کربوهیدرات کل در گیاهان آلوده شد، در حالیکه محتوای پروتئین کل، اسیدآمینه پرولین، فنل کل، فلاونوئید و درصد اسانس در گیاهان آلوده افزایش پیدا کرد. بررسی اسانس سه کولتیوار ریحان با دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافی و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف سنج جزمی نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌دار در ترکیبات اسانس بین تیمارهای شاهد و مایه‌زنی شده هر کولتیوار بود، ترکیبات کامفور (Camphor)، کارون (Carvone)، استراگول (Estragole)، متیل اوژینول (Methyl Eugenol)، بتا کاریوفیلن (β-caryophyllene)، آلفا بیس آبولن (Alpha bisabolene) و کاریوفیلن اکساید (Caryophyllene oxide) بیش از 70% محتوای ترکیبات اسانس را تشکیل می‌دادند و بین تیمارهای مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی داری در این ترکیبات وجود داشت. افزایش و/ یا کاهش میزان محتوای برخی ترکیبات شیمیایی و اسانس، وابسته به برهمکنش ویروس و کولتیوار ریحان بوده و به نظر می‌رسد هماهنگ با واکنش حساسیت یا مقاومت کولتیوارها در برابر آلودگی ویروسی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of the cucumber mosaic virus-Fny infection on the physiological and phytochemical properties of three green basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Saadati 1
  • Mahdi Ayyari 2
  • Masoud Shams-bakhsh 3
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Green basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a medicinal plant widely used in the food, cosmetics, and perfumery industries. Cucumber mosaic virus is one of the most common plant pathogens worldwide. In the present study, the effect of cucumber mosaic virus (strain Fny) infection on the phytochemical and physiological properties of three green basil cultivars under growth chamber conditions (21 ± 2 ° C and 16-hour light/8 hour dark period) was investigated. The plants were mechanically-inoculated in the true two-leaf stage with the virus. Mean comparison of the studied traits showed that the virus significantly reduced photosynthesis, the content of chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, and total carbohydrates in the infected plants. In contrast, the content of total protein, amino acid proline, total phenol, flavonoids, and the percentage of essential oils (w/v) in infected plants was increased. The results of essential oil analysis of three basil cultivars by Gas chromatography and Gas chromatography-mass showed a significant difference in essential oil compounds between control and viral treatments of each cultivar. The compounds Camphor, Carvone, Estragole, Methyl Eugenol, Beta-caryophyllene Alpha bisabolene, and Caryophyllene oxide make up more than 70% of the essential oil content. Results of the present study indicated that viral infection causes physiological and phytochemical changes in virus-infected plants. Increasing and/or decreasing the phytochemical content and some essential oil compounds depends on the interaction of the virus and the basil cultivar and may be in line with the susceptibility or resistance of the cultivars to the virus infection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Medicinal plants
  • Metabolites
  • Basil essential oil
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