The effect of glyphosate herbicide on the expression of pathogenesis related genes and resistance induction in transgenic Potato plants treated with two strains of Potato pathogens

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Assistant professor of Agriculture Department, Protection plant research Group, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran

2 University of Hormozgan

3 Belarusian State University

Abstract

Our objective was to investigate the effect of glyphosate in induction of resistance to two plant bacterial pathogens. To do so, glyphosate at an optimal concentration of 1.8 mg / l was used on the transgenic potato, Odyssay cultivar, to induce resistance to two strains of pathogenic bacteria (21A of Pectobacterium atrosepticum and ENA49 of Dickeya dadantii). RT-PCR analysis on RNA isolated from transgenic plants, showed overexpression of aroA and potato defense response genes. Transgenic potato leaves infected with potato pathogenic bacteria, and then treated with glyphosate showed a high level of expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PR-2, PR-3, PR-5), especially PR-2 and defense response genes (HSR-203j, HIN1), especially HSR-203j. However; the plants infected with bacteria and non-treated by glyphosate did not significantly change the expression of these genes. The results showed that the treatment of plants by glyphosate may not only eliminate weeds of farmland but can also induces a systemic acquired resistance to pathogenic bacteria by expressing of PR proteins and defense response genes.

Keywords


Antonio L., Cerdeira Dionsio L.P., Gazziero- Stephen O., 2011. Impacts of Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivation in South America. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59: 5799-5807.
Benbrook C. 2016. Trends in glyphosate herbicide use in the Unites States and globally. Environmental Sciences Europe 28 (3): 548-555.
Bonny S. 2008. Genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant soybean in the USA: Adoption factor impacts and prospects: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 28: 21-32.
Brandazza A., Angeli S., Tegoni M. 2004. Plant stress proteins of the thaumatin-like family discovered in animals. FEBS Letters 572: 3-7.
Dickinson M. 2003. Molecular plant pathology. London; New York: BIOS Scientific Publishers 273p.
Druille M., Cabello M., Omacini M., Golluscio R.A. 2013a. Glyphosate reduces spore viability and root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Applied Soil Ecology 64: 99–103.
Druille M., Omacini M., Golluscio R.A., Cabello M.N. 2013b. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are directly and indirectly affected by glyphosate application. Applied Soil Ecology 72: 143–149.
Duke S.O. and Powles S.B. 2008. Glyphosate: a once in a century herbicide. Pest Management Science 64: 319-325.
Duke S.O., Wedge D.E., Cerdeira A.L. and Matallo M.B. 2007. Interactions of synthetic herbicides with plant disease and microbial herbicides. In: Novel Biotechnologies for biocontrol Agent Enhancement and Management. Springer Nature (Netherlands) 277-296.
Helander M., Saloniemi I., Saikkonen K. 2012. Glyphosate in northern ecosystems. Trends in Plant Science 17: 569–574.
Hoque M.E. 2010. In vitro tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Plant Biology 3(1): 7-11.
Livak K.J., Schmittgen Th.D. 2001. Analysis of relative gene expression data using Real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-∆∆Ct method. Methods 25(4): 402-408.
Muslim Khani K. and Mozaffari J. 2015. Disease management of Potato bacterial wilt with tuber healthy measurement. Knowledge and Technology Transfer for Plant Pathology 5(1): 62-75.
Pasalari H.М., Tratsiakova O.M., Evtushenkov А.N. 2015. Glyphosate tolerance transgenic potato plants containing aroA gene. Proceeding of Belarusian State University 10: 123–126 (in Russian.).
Pasalari H., Evtushenkov A.N. 2016. PR-genes expression in the leaves of transgenic potato plants after glyphosate treatment. Vestnik Belarusian State University 1: 31–35 (in Russian).
Pitman A.R., Harrow S.A., Visnovsky S.B. 2010. Genetic characterization of Pectobacterium wasabiae causing soft rot disease of potato in New Zealand. European Journal of Plant Pathology 126(3): 423–435.
Pline W.A., Wilcut J.W., Duke S.O. 2002. Tolerance and accumulation of shikimic acid in response to glyphosate applications in glyphosate resistant and non-glyphosate resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50: 506- 512.
Pontier D., Tronchet M., Rogowsky P. 1998. Activation of hsr203, a plant gene expressed during incompatible plant-pathogen interactions is correlated with programmed cell death. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 11: 544-554.
Sadravi M. 2012. The use of genetic engineering to create plants resistant to diseases. Plant Pathology Science 1(2): 1-9. (in Persian with English Summary).
Stallings W.C., Abdel-Meguid S.S., Lim L.W. 1991. Structure and topological symmetry of the glyphosate target 5-enopyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase: a distinctive protein fold. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 88: 5046-5050.
Tahmasebi A.A. and Ghodoum-Parizipour M.H. 2020. The role of brassinosteroid hormones in plant response to pathogens. Plant Pathology Science 9(1): 108-117.
Tratsiakova V. 2011. Temperature dependence of PR genes expression and potato tissues maceration by strains Pectobacterium and Dickeya. Youth and Progress of Biology. 2011. Abstracts book of the VII International Scientific Conference of Students and PhD Students, Minsk, Belarus, P. 141.
Van Loon L.C. 2011. Significance of inducible Defense-related proteins infected plants. Annual Review of Phytopathology 2006: 135–162.
Yasuda M., Ishikawa A., Jikumaru Y. 2008. Antagonistic interaction between systemic acquired resistance and the abscisic acid-mediated abiotic stress response in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 20: 1678–1692.