اثر کود‏های گوگرددار بر فعالیت نماتد ریشه‏گرهی Meloidogyne incognita در خیار، در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیات عملی

2 استاد دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

در سال‏های اخیر کنترل غیرشیمیایی گونه‏های رایج نماتدهای ریشه‏گرهی (Meloidogyne spp.)، با تقویت خاک با استفاده از مواد آلی، کودهای حیوانی و یا شیمیایی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. تأثیر کودهای گوگرددار شامل سولفات ‏آمونیوم، سولفات ‏کلسیم، سولفات ‏پتاسیم، سولفات ‏منیزیم و سولفات‏ روی (در دو سطح 10 و 25 میلی‏گرم گوگرد در هر کود/کیلوگرم خاک) و سطوح 25 و 50 میلی‏گرم گل گوگرد /کیلوگرم خاک بر فعالیت نماتد ریشه‏گرهی M. incognita در خاک سترون در دو نوبت در گلخانه در سال 1393 بررسی شد. گیاهچه‏های خیار رقم نگین در مرحله سه تا چهار برگی با دو عدد تخم و لارو سن دوم نماتد در گرم خاک مایه‏زنی شدند. نتایج آزمایش در دو نوبت کشت نشان داد که استفاده از 10 میلی‏گرم ‏سولفات ‏منیزیم به‏طور میانگین باعث افزایش 179% میزان محصول نسبت به شاهد گردید. بیشترین کاهش تعداد تخم در گرم ریشه و فاکتور تولیدمثل، به ترتیب در تیمار 25 میلی‏گرم سولفات کلسیم با 6/71% و 6/58% کاهش و تیمار 25 میلی‏گرم گوگرد با 1/69% و 0/57% کاهش اتفاق افتاد. تیمار 50 میلی‏گرم گوگرد نیز در رتبه بعدی قرار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sulfur fertilizers on activity of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, in cucumber plants under greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Rumiani 1
  • A. Karegar 2
  • H. Hamzehzarghani 2
  • Z. Banihashemi 2
1 Faculty member
2 Faculty member
چکیده [English]

In recent years, non-chemical control of common species of the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), including soil enrichments by organic matters, animal manures and chemical fertilizers has received considerable attention. In 2014, in an experiment, effects of two levels (10 and 25 mg/kg) of sulfur fertilizers viz. ammonium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and zinc sulfate, and the levels of 25 and 50 mg/kg of elemental sulfur on the activity of the root-knot nematode M. incognita, in pasteurized soil were studied in greenhouse. Seedlings of cucumber cv. Negin at three or four-leaf stages were inoculated with two eggs or second stage juveniles of the nematode/g of soil. The results of two trials showed that magnesium sulfate 10 mg/kg caused 179% increase in the yield on average. The highest reduction was recorded in the number of eggs/g of root and reproductive factor in 25 mg/kg level of calcium sulfate with 71.6% and 58.6%, decrease followed by 25 mg/kg sulfur with 69.1% and 57.0% decrease respectively. The treatment of 50 mg/kg of sulfur was also in the next rank.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calcium sulfate
  • cucumber cv. Negin
  • magnesium sulfate
  • nematode control
  • reproduction factor

مراجع

Ahmadi Mansourabad M. Kargar Bideh A. and Abdollahi M. 2016. Effects of some micronutrients and macronutrients on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Negin). Journal of Crop Protection 5 (4): 507-517.
Anonymous. 2018. FAOSTAT. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/visualize-08-January-2019.
Barker K. R. 1985. The application of microplot techniques in nematological research, pp. 127-134. In: K. R. Baker, C. C. Carter and J. N. Sasser (Eds). An advanced treatise on Meloidogyne. Volume 2, methodology. Raleigh, North Carolina State University Graphics.
Charegani H. Karegar Bideh A. and Hamzehzarghani H. 2010. Effect of chemical fertilizers on root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in greenhouse cucumber cultivation. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 46 (3): 71-73 (In Persian with English summary).
Datnoff E. L. Elmer H. W. and Huber M. D. 2007. Mineral nutrition and plant disease. American Phytopathological Society. USA. 278 p.
Elmer W. H. and LaMondia J. A. 1999. Influence of ammonium sulfate and rotation crops on strawberry black root rot. Plant Disease 83: 119-123.
Gomes S. M. S., Arieira D. R. C., Roldi M., Dadazio S. T., Marini M. P., Antonio D. and Barizao O. 2013. Mineral nutrition in the control of nematodes. African Journal of Agricultural Research 8: 2413-2420.
Hussey R. S. and Janssen G. J. W. 2002. Root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne species, pp. 43-70. In: J. Starr, R. Cook and J. Bridge (Eds). Plant resistance to parasitic nematodes. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Jacq V. A. and Fortuner R. 1979. Biological control of rice nematodes using sulphate reducing bacteria. Revue de Nématologie 2: 41-50.
Khan M. R. and Khan M. W. 1997. Effects of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on the sensitivity of tomato to sulfur dioxide and ozone. Environmental and Experimental Botany 38: 117-130.
Li Y., Stirling G. R. and Seymour N. P. 2017. The effect of organic amendment input and crop management practices on the nematode community and suppression of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus thornei) in a grain-growing soil. Australasian Plant Pathology 46: 463-472.
Messenger B. J., Menge J. A., Amrhein C. and Faber B. 1997. The effects of calcium on avacado growth and root health. California Avocado Society 81: 69-78.
Nasr-Esfahani M. and Ahmadi A. R. 2005. Effect of organic amendments and chemical fertilizers on Meloidogyne javanica in cucumber. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 41: 1-17 (In Persian with English summary).
Noweer E. M. A. and Hasabo S. A. A. 2005. Effect of different management practices for controlling the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on squash. Egyptian Journal Phytopathology 33: 73-81.
Oka Y. 2010. Mechanism of nematode suppression by organic soil amendments –a review. Applied Soil Ecology 44: 101-115.
Pahlavan R., Omid M. and Akram A. 2011. Modeling and sensitivity analysis of energy inputs for greenhouse cucumber production. Journal of Agricultural Technology 7: 1509-1521.
Persson L. and Olsson S. 2000. Abiotic characteristic of soils suppressive to Aphanomyces root rot. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 32:1141-1150.
Qi L., Yong J. and Wen-ju L. 2006. Effect of heavy metals on soil nematode communities in the vicinity of a metallurgical factory. Journal of Environmental Sciences 18: 323-328.
Rodriguez-Kabana R. 1986. Organic and inorganic nitrogen amendments to soil as nematode suppressants. Journal of Nematology 18: 129-135.
Rumiani M. Karegar A. Hamzehzarghani H. and Banihashemi Z. 2015. Effect of elemental sulfur on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, activities in cucumber plants. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 52 (1): 85-98 (In Persian with English summary).
Ryan J. and Stroehlein J. L. 1979. Sulphuric acid treatment in calcareous soils: Effect on phosphorus solubility, inorganic phosphorus forms and plant growth. Soil Science Society of America Journal 43: 731-735.
Salac I. 2005. Influence of the sulphur and nitrogen supply on S metabolites involved in Sulphur Induced Resistance (SIR) of Brassica napus L. Landbauforsch Völkenrode SH 277. Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL). 134 p.
Sasser J. N. and Freckman D. W. 1987. A world prospective on nematology: The role of the society, pp. 7-14. In: J. A. Veech and D. W. Dickson (Eds). Vistas on Nematology. Society of Nematologists, Inc. Hyattsville, Maryland, USA.
Seifi S. and Karegarbideh A. 2013. Effect of mineral fertilizers on cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi population and evaluation of wheat. World Applied Programming 3: 137-141.
Stamford N. P. Freitas A. D. S. Ferraz D. S. Montenegro A. and Santos C. E. R. S. 2003. Nitrogen fixation and growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) in a sodic soil as affected by gypsum and sulphur inoculated with Thiobacillus and rhizobial inoculation. Tropical Grasslands 37: 11-19.
Taylor A. L. and Sasser J. N. 1978. Biology, identification, and control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species). Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University and the United States Agency for International Development 111 p.
Wang Y. Li Q. Hui W. Shi J. Lin Q. Chen X. and Chen Y. 2008. Effect of sulphur on soil Cu/Zn availability and microbial community composition. Journal of Hazardous Materials 159: 385-389.
Zheng Y., Duan Y., Chen S., Sun, J. and Chen L. 2010. Responses of soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines to macroelement and microelement compounds. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16: 172-180.
بیماریهای گیاهی
دوره 55، شماره 2
آذر 1398
صفحه 149-160

فایل ها

اشتراک گذاری

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار